Artaxerxes

Artaxerxes was the name of several Persian monarchs:
Artaxerxes I, called the "Long-handed," from his right hand being longer than his left. He was son of Xerxes I. He concluded a peace with Greece after a war of 52 years. He entertained Themistocles at his court. He was king from 465 to 424 BC.

Artaxerxes II., Mnemon, vanquished and killed his brother Cyrus at Cunaxa in 401, who had revolted against him. He imposed in 387 on the Spartans the shameful treaty of Antalcidas. He was king from 405 to 359 BC.

Artaxerxes III., Ochus, was son of Artaxerxes II, who slew all his kindred on ascending the throne. In Egypt, he slew the sacred bull Apis and gave the flesh to his soldiers, for which his eunuch Bagsas poisoned him. He was king from 359 to 338 BC.

Artaxerxes IV., grandson of Sassan, was founder of the dynasty Sassanidæ. He restored the old religion of the Magi, amended the laws, and promoted education. He was king from AD 223 to 232.

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Arte Povera, Artedi, Artefact, Artegal, Artel