RULES FOR SPELLING IN ENGLISH

Words ending in _e_ drop that letter before the termination _able_,as i n move, movable; unless ending in _ce_ or _ge_, when it is retained, as in change, changeable, etc.

Words of one syllable, ending in a consonant, with a single vowel before it, double the consonants in derivatives; as, ship, shipping, etc. But if ending in a consonant with a double vowel before it, they do not double the consonant in derivatives; as, troop, trooper, etc.

Words of more than one syllable, ending in a consonant preceded by a single vowel, and accented on the last syllable, double that consonant in derivatives; as, commit, committed; but except chagrin, chagrined.

All words of one syllable ending in _l_, with a single vowel before it, have _ll_ at the close; as mill, sell. All words of one syllable ending in _l_, with a double vowel before it, have only one _l_ at the close; as mail, sail.

The words foretell, distill, instill and fulfill, retain the _ll_ of their primitives. Derivatives of dull, skill, will and full also
retain the _ll_ when the accent falls on these words; as dullness, skillfull, willfull, fullness.

Words of more than one syllable ending in _l_ have only one _l_ at the close; as delightful, faithful; unless the accent falls on the last syllable; as befall, etc.

Words ending in _l_, double the letter in the termination _ly_.

Participles ending in _ing_, from verbs ending in _e_, lose the final _e_; as have, having; make, making, etc; but verbs ending in _ee_ retain both; as see, seeing. The word dye, to color, however, must retain the _e_ before _ing_. All verbs ending in _ly_, and nouns ending in _ment_, retain the _e_ final of the primitives; as brave, bravely; refine, refinement; except words ending in _dge_; as, acknowledge, acknowledgment.

Nouns ending in _y_, preceded by a vowel, form their plural by adding _s_; as money, moneys; but if _y_ is preceded by a consonant, it is changed to _ies_ in the plural; as bounty, bounties.

Compound words whose primitives end in _y_, change the _y_ into _i_; as beauty, beautiful.